• Pro virtualizaci W2012, W10, W8 je potreba zapnout ochranu pameti v biosu, jinak se OS nespusti.
• Pri konverzi obrazu z VMWare do KVM se smeni SATA radic na IDE. Je treba radic zmenit, jinak nenastartuje system, hlavne Windows

balicky: kvm virt-manager libvirt libvirt-python python-virtinst

KVM home page
How to create KVM machine on F14
lsmod kvm
modprobe kvm
modprobe kvm-intel
kvm-img create fedora15.img 15G … vytvori image soubor
kvm -hda ubuntu.qcow -vga std … spusti VM
kvm -m 768 -boot d -cdrom ~/iso/Fedora-15-x86_64-DVD.iso -hda fedora15.img & … namountuje CD/DVD z iso souboru
ibm-virt-viewer -a -c qemu:///system KVM_Windows_7-KVM … spusti prohlizec konzole (i grafice) virtualniho stroje
virt-manager … manazer virtualnich stroju
/usr/libexec/qemu-kvm -name KVM_Windows_7-KVM -S -M rhel6.3.0 -cpu SandyBridge,+erms,+smep,+fsgsbase,+rdrand,+f16c,+osxsave,+pcid,+pdcm,+xtpr,+tm2,+est,+smx,+vmx,+ds_cpl,+monitor,+dtes64,+pbe,+tm,+ht,+ss,+acpi,+ds,+vme,-nx -enable-kvm -m 2528 -smp 2,sockets=2,cores=1,threads=1 -uuid bfe1da6a-0f39-4045-a7a8-4fc57791a907 -smbios type=0,vendor=LENOVO,version=G1ET41WW (1.16 ),date=05/25/2012,release=1.16 -smbios type=1,manufacturer=LENOVO,product=2350B58,version=ThinkPad T430,serial=PB19T9T,sku=LENOVO_MT_2350,family=ThinkPad T430 -nodefconfig -nodefaults -chardev socket,id=charmonitor,path=/var/lib/libvirt/qemu/KVM_Windows_7-KVM.monitor,server,nowait -mon chardev=charmonitor,id=monitor,mode=control -rtc base=localtime -no-shutdown -device ich9-usb-ehci1,id=usb,bus=pci.0,addr=0x8.0x7 -device ich9-usb-uhci1,masterbus=usb.0,firstport=0,bus=pci.0,multifunction=on,addr=0x8 -device ich9-usb-uhci2,masterbus=usb.0,firstport=2,bus=pci.0,addr=0x8.0x1 -device ich9-usb-uhci3,masterbus=usb.0,firstport=4,bus=pci.0,addr=0x8.0x2 -device virtio-serial-pci,id=virtio-serial0,bus=pci.0,addr=0x5 -drive file=/var/lib/libvirt/images/KVM_Windows_7-KVM.qcow2,if=none,id=drive-virtio-disk0,format=qcow2,cache=writeback -device virtio-blk-pci,scsi=off,bus=pci.0,addr=0x6,drive=drive-virtio-disk0,id=virtio-disk0,bootindex=1 -drive if=none,media=cdrom,id=drive-ide0-1-0,readonly=on,format=qcow2 -device ide-drive,bus=ide.1,unit=0,drive=drive-ide0-1-0,id=ide0-1-0 -netdev tap,fd=22,id=hostnet0,vhost=on,vhostfd=23 -device virtio-net-pci,netdev=hostnet0,id=net0,mac=52:54:00:1a:93:59,bus=pci.0,addr=0x3 -chardev pty,id=charserial0 -device isa-serial,chardev=charserial0,id=serial0 -chardev pty,id=charchannel0 -device virtserialport,bus=virtio-serial0.0,nr=1,chardev=charchannel0,id=channel0,name=arbitrary.virtio.serial.port.name -chardev spicevmc,id=charchannel1,name=vdagent -device virtserialport,bus=virtio-serial0.0,nr=2,chardev=charchannel1,id=channel1,name=com.redhat.spice.0 -device usb-tablet,id=input0 -spice port=5900,addr=127.0.0.1,disable-ticketing,seamless-migration=on -vga qxl -global qxl-vga.ram_size=67108864 -global qxl-vga.vram_size=67108864 -device intel-hda,id=sound0,bus=pci.0,addr=0x4 -device hda-duplex,id=sound0-codec0,bus=sound0.0,cad=0 -chardev spicevmc,id=charredir0,name=usbredir -device usb-redir,chardev=charredir0,id=redir0,bus=usb.0,port=3 -chardev spicevmc,id=charredir1,name=usbredir -device usb-redir,chardev=charredir1,id=redir1,bus=usb.0,port=4 -chardev spicevmc,id=charredir2,name=usbredir -device usb-redir,chardev=charredir2,id=redir2,bus=usb.0,port=5 -chardev spicevmc,id=charredir3,name=usbredir -device usb-redir,chardev=charredir3,id=redir3,bus=usb.0,port=6 -device virtio-balloon-pci,id=balloon0,bus=pci.0,addr=0x7 … spusteni VM s parametry
guestmount -c qemu:/system -d Virtual_Client_for_Linux_Windows_7-KVM -m /dev/sda2 –rw /tmp/mount/ … namountovani disku z virtualni masiny na hostitelskou
guestmount -a /var/lib/libvirt/images/xenserver.qcow2 -m /dev/sda1 /mnt … namountuje qcaw2 image
mount -o loop rawimage.img /mnt/tmp … namountuje raw image
kpartx -l /var/lib/libvirt/images/guest1.img … vylistuje partitions na obrazu
kpartx -a /var/lib/libvirt/images/guest1.img … vytvori loopback zarizeni v /dev/mapper k partition na obrazu
mount -o loop /dev/mapperloop0p1 /mnt/tmp … namountuje partition
vgscan … nadetekuje nove PV a VG
vgchange -ay VolGroup00 .. aktivuje VG
kpartx -d /var/lib/libvirt/images/guest1.img … zrusi maping loop zarizeni k obrazu
virsh -c qemu:/system list –all … vylistuje vsechny virtualni masiny
qemu-img convert winxp.vmdk -O qcow2 /var/lib/libvirt/images/winxpvm.img … prekonvertuje vmdk diskovy kontejner na qcow2 format
qemu-img convert -f raw disk.raw -O qcow2 disk.qcow2 … prevede raw format na qcow2
ls -l /etc/libvirt/qemu/
virt-install -n MDMCSedu –os-type=Linux –ram=2048 –vcpus=2 –import –disk path=/var/lib/libvirt/images/CentOS-7-edu.img,bus=virtio –network bridge:virbr0 –force 0
virsh console myRHELVM1 … pripoji se na konzoli
virsh dominfo myRHELVM1 … informace o VM
virt-top … informace o systemovych prostredcich co berou VM
virsh start MDMCS … spusti VM MDMCS
virsh shutdown MDMCS … posle signal k zastaveni VM
virsh destroy VM … okamzite vypne VM

lxc-create -n web1 -t Ubuntu
lxc-start -n web1 -d
lxc-attach -n web1
lxc-ls –fancy … seznam kontejnerů

Je potreba podpora virtualizace v jadru, viz sekce KVM a XEN

service libvirtd start/stop/status … Virtualizacni sluzba
pygrub /dev/VolGroup00/wspd … bootloader pro virtualni masiny
virsh shutdown MACHINE … vypne virtualni stroj MACHINE
virsh start MACHINE … zapne virt. stroj machine
virt-install -n VirtFed11 -r 512 -f /dev/vgTL/LV.virtFed12 -l http://mirror.karneval.cz/pub/fedora/releases/11/Fedora/i386/os -w network:default …
vytvori virtualni stroj, 512 MB ram, disk - LV.virtFed12, instalace z dane adresy
virt-manager … graficke sprava, ovladani a vytvareni virtualnich stroju
virt-view MACHINE … otevre okno s pohledem na obrazovku virtualniho stroje MACHINE
virsh -c qemu:/system list … seznam virtualnich stroju
virt-install –connect qemu:/system -n vm10 -r 512 –vcpus=2 -f ~/vm10.qcow2 -s 1 -c /mnt/auto/win/Y82583/zip/CentOS-5.5-i386-netinstall.iso –vnc –noautoconsole –os-type linux –os-variant debianlenny –accelerate –hvm

balicky: xen, virt-manager, xen-tools
grep flags /proc/cpuinfo … test, zda je tam prepinac “pae”
xm create wspd -n … vytvori virtualni masinu ze souboru wspd
xm create -c MACHINE … necha vybrat z GRUBu pri startu virt. stroje MACHINE

VirtualBox virtualizacni reseni

wget http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/rpm/rhel/virtualbox.repo … instalace repo souboru
yum update … update kernelu a balicku
yum install binutils gcc make patch libgomp glibc-headers glibc-devel kernel-headers kernel-devel dkms … instalace zavislosti
yum install VirtualBox-5.0 … instalace VBoxu
/etc/init.d/vboxdrv setup … konfigurace modulu jadra

ls ~/VirtualBox\ VMs/ … misto defaultnich VM obrazu

VBoxManage clonehd disk.vdi disk.raw –format raw … naklonuje VBox disk na raw format
VBoxManage createvm -name Centos-5.5-im5 -register … Vytvori novy profil virtualni masiny a zapise jej do konfigurace VM
VBoxManage createvdi -file /vm/HDD-Centos-5.5-im5.vdi -size=8000 -register … vytvori oddil pro disk o velikosti 8GB a zapise na disk
VBoxManage internalcommands sethduuid Centos-5.5-im5.vdi … zmena UUID disku (nelze mit v repozitari disku 2 disky se stejnym UUID)
VBoxManage modifyvm Centos-5.5-im5 Centos-5.5-im5 -hda HDD-Centos-5.5-im5 … Prida virtualnimu pocitaci HDD
VBoxManage modifyvm Centos-5.5-im5 Centos-5.5-im5 -dvd /vm/Centos.iso … vsune do virtualni mechaniky DVD
VBoxManage modifyvm Centos-5.5-im5 –memory 512 … zmena VM - nastaveni pameti na 512MB
VBoxManage modifyvm Centos-5.5-im5 –acpi off … vypni ACPI
VBoxManage modifyvm Centos-5.5-im5 –boot1 dvd … prvni bootovaci menium DVD
VBoxManage modifyvm Centos-5.5-im5 –nic1 bridged … nastaveni 1. sitoky na typ bridged
VBoxManage modifyvm Centos-5.5-im1 –bridgeadapter1 eth0 … spoji bridgovany virtualni adapter se sitovou kartou eth0
VBoxManage modifyvm Centos-5.5-im1 –macaddress2 0800276F3BB1 … nastavi MAC adresu
VBoxManage registerimage dvd /vm/Centos.iso … zaregistruje ISO instalacniho DVDcka
VBoxManage storagectl Centos-5.5-im5 –name SATA1 –add sata … Prida sata radic SATA1
VBoxManage storageattach Centos-5.5-im5 –storagectl SATA1 –port 0 –device 0 –type hdd –medium /mnt/vm/Centos-5.5-im5.vdi … k radici SATA1 pripoji harddisk
VBoxManage showvminfo Centos-5.5-im5 … ukaze nastaveni VM Centos-5.5-im5 VirtualBox … graficky manazer
VirtualBox –startvm Centos-5.5-im1 … spusti obraz, vytvori okno s konzolou
VBoxHeadless -s Centos-5.5-im1 … spusti VM, ale nevytvori okno s konzolou
VBoxTunctl -b -u scottro … pro uzivatele scottro prida virtualni sitovou kartu toc1 (pro bridge)

Migrace existujicich Windows do VirtualBoxu
Guest addition pack … Zkompiluje se do hostovaneho OS - podpora sdilene schranky, graficke ovladace, sdilene adresare, …
mount -t vboxsf share ~/host … namountovani sdileneho adresare na hostovi
Manual pro VirtualBox
xclip … program na ukladani schranky do souboru a cteni zchranky ze souboru pro nefungujici sdilenou schranku (gclip pro windows)

VMWare virtualizacni reseni

vmware-mount - mountovani vmware obrazu - balicek vmware-player, vmware-vix-disklib-distrib
vmware-mount -p CentOS-5.5-i386-virtual-machine-org.vmdk … ukaze jednotlive oddily obrazu
vmware-mount CentOS-5.5-i386-virtual-machine-org.vmdk /mnt/0 … Namountovani obrazu
vmware-mount CentOS-5.5-i386-virtual-machine-org.vmdk 5 /mnt/5 … Namountovani 5 oddilu obrazu
vmware-vdiskmanager fedora20-multi.vmdk -t 0 fedora20-uni.vmdk … prevede multi part diskovy kontejner na jeden soubor
/etc/vmware/vmnet8/nat/nat.conf … definice sitoveho nastaveni, vcetne port forwardingu

vmware-vdiskmanager -r CentOS-5.5-i386-virtual-machine-org.vmdk -t 0 flattened.vmdk … slouceni vicesvazkoveho VMware obrazu do jednosvazkoveho
qemu-img convert flattened.vmdk -O raw rawfile.bin
VBoxManage convertdd rawfile.bin CO.vdi

sudo euca_conf –no-rsync –discover-nodes … zapne node controler
cd ~/.euca; sudo euca_conf –get-credentials mycreds.zip; unzip mycredents.zip … ziska kredence od node controleru
euca-describe-availability-zones verbose … ukaze virtualni pocitace a jejich stav
euca-add-keypair mykey > ~/.euca/mykey.priv … generovani SSH paru klicu
euca-authorize default -P tcp -p 22 -s 0.0.0./0 … povoli ssh tok ze vsech mist
euca-run-instances emi-A1 -k mykey -t c1.medium … spusti image
wait -n5 euca-describe-instances … kontroluje stav instance, aby jsme vedeli, kdy nastartovala

chntpw -l /tmp/mount/Windows/System32/config/SAM … vylistovani uctu ve Windows
chntpw /tmp/mount/Windows/System32/config/SAM -u USER … vymaze heslo u uzivatele

Funkcni instalace .NET do WINE na winehq.org projektu
winetricks … instalace ruznych Windows programu pod WINE
instalace .NET
export WINEARCH=win32 … nastavi Wine na 32-bitovou verzi
export WINEPREFIX=/home/tomas/.wine-teams/ … zmena korenoveho adresare pro wine
wineboot -u … updatne prefix do aktualni konfigurace wine
wineboot … provedeni restartu, zastaveni a jinych operaci WIne prostredi
winecfg … graficka konfigurace Wine
wineconsole … otevre dosove okno
wine uninstaller … odinstalace nainstalovanych programu
wine aaa.exe … spusti program aaa.exe ve wine
playconsole … graficky interface pro wine

Instalace Anboxu